What are the characteristics and working principle of a mechanical press?
Release time:
2022-03-24
Mechanical Pressing Machine Pressing machines are forging machines driven by crank connecting rod or elbow rod mechanisms, cam mechanisms, and screw mechanisms. A pressing machine is a machine tool that presses materials, deforming and fracturing the workpiece through strong pressure to process it into parts. Today, this article will introduce the characteristics and working principle of pressing machines.
Characteristics of Pressing Machines:
Pressing machines have a large impact force, suitable for separation processes such as blanking and cutting. Hydraulic presses have stable loads and are suitable for forming processes such as bending, stretching, and shaping. However, the above views are the views of most people, but Japanese research results show that the deformation of stamped parts is irrelevant to the stamping speed, and only when the press reaches more than 2000 times per minute will it have an impact.
Considering efficiency, mechanical presses are higher. Considering reliability, mechanical presses are more robust, while hydraulic presses are generally prone to hydraulic problems such as oil leaks.
In summary, except for shaping and correcting bending, it is recommended to use mechanical presses to improve work efficiency.
Pressing machines (including presses and hydraulic presses) are ingeniously structured multifunctional presses. They are characterized by a wide range of applications and high production efficiency, and can be widely used in cutting, punching, blanking, bending, riveting, and forming processes. By applying strong pressure to metal blanks, the metal plastically deforms and fractures to be processed into parts.
A hydraulic press is a machine that uses liquid as a working medium and is manufactured according to Pascal's principle to transmit energy to achieve various processes. Generally speaking, it consists of a machine (main machine), power, and hydraulic control system.
Working Principle of Pressing Machines:
When a mechanical press is working, the motor drives the large pulley (usually also used as a flywheel) through a V-belt, and drives the crank slider mechanism through a gear pair and clutch, causing the slider and punch to descend linearly. After the forging work is completed, the slider returns upward, the clutch automatically disengages, and the brake on the crankshaft is engaged, causing the slider to stop near the top dead center.
Each crank slider mechanism is called a "point". Simple mechanical presses use a single-point type, which means there is only one crank slider mechanism. Some mechanical presses with large working surfaces use double-point or four-point presses to ensure that the bottom surface of the slider is evenly stressed and the movement is smooth.
Pressing Machine The load is pulsed, that is, the forging working time is very short in one working cycle. The short-term maximum power is more than ten times the average power, so the transmission system has a flywheel. After the motor selected according to the average power starts, the flywheel runs to the rated speed and accumulates kinetic energy. After the punch contacts the workpiece and starts forging, the motor driving power is less than the load, the speed decreases, and the flywheel releases the accumulated kinetic energy to compensate. After forging is completed, the flywheel accelerates again to accumulate kinetic energy for the next use.
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